Top three trends shaping the security of encrypted communications in 2026

In 2026, the IT security landscape will undergo a fundamental change: the transition to quantum-safe encryption. Quantum computers are not yet powerful enough to break current encryption methods, but experts predict it’s only a matter of one or two decades. As the development of quantum computers advances, organizations must align their security architectures with the new era of post-quantum cryptography (PQC). But that’s not all: legal frameworks such as the NIS2 Directive and the growing need for crypto-agility are also coming into focus. For companies looking to strengthen their IT security in the long term, 2026 will be a year of decisive change.

In this blog post, we explore the three key topics IT decision-makers should keep in mind for data encryption in 2026: PQC, NIS2 compliance and crypto-agility.

1. Post-quantum cryptography: The future of encryption begins now

Quantum computers have the potential to compromise the encryption methods that modern IT security relies on. That’s why adopting PQC is crucial to meet future challenges.

PQC refers to encryption methods that are resistant not only to classical attacks but also those from quantum computers. The goal is to create encryption algorithms that remain secure even when quantum computers can crack traditional methods such as RSA or ECC.

By 2026, the transition to PQC will no longer be optional for many organizations. For data that must remain confidential over long periods, such as in finance, healthcare or government, the switch to quantum-secure methods is already urgent.

Why act now?

• Early preparation: The move to PQC must be planned and the new methods integrated into existing systems before quantum computers are able to break current encryption.
• Long-term data storage: Data encrypted today could be decrypted with quantum computers in the future. A timely switch protects this "valuable" data from future attacks.

2026 marks the start of strategic decision-making for PQC. Companies are beginning to systematically plan for PQC and introduce it in security-critical areas to be prepared in good time for binding requirements expected by 2030.

2. NIS2 Directive: Increased pressure from new regulatory requirements

With the NIS2 Implementation Act coming into force on 6 December 2025, significantly stricter cybersecurity requirements will apply in Germany. These rules are considered critical for both society and the economy, and companies will be obliged to comprehensively secure their communication networks and information systems. 

The NIS2 Directive places particular emphasis on securing critical infrastructures and requires that encryption mechanisms are state of the art, regularly reviewed and adapted to new threat situations.

What does this mean for IT decision-makers?

• Prepare now: Companies should take immediate steps to ensure their encryption methods become quantum-safe.  
• Compliance and risk management: A static security strategy is no longer enough. It must be regularly reviewed and demonstrably adapted to meet new regulatory requirements.

For companies, the NIS2 Directive means that PQC is becoming not only a technical necessity, but also a legal one. Recommended encryption solutions must be implemented and, for critical facilities, audited every three years. Other facilities may be audited upon request by the BSI.

3. Crypto-agility: The ability to adapt quickly to new threats

The rapid evolution of threats and attack techniques has significantly increased the importance of crypto-agility in recent years. Crypto-agility describes the ability of organizations to quickly adapt and update their encryption mechanisms, especially when new threats emerge or existing algorithms are considered insecure.

Why crypto-agility will be crucial in 2026:

• Flexibility in encryption: In a world where threats are becoming increasingly complex and quantum computing is just around the corner, companies must be able to adapt their cryptography as needed.
• Future-proofing: Crypto-agility ensures that cryptographic methods can be flexibly adapted even after PQC is introduced, for example, when new threats emerge or individual PQC standards prove insufficient. This keeps security architectures robust even in the quantum age.

The ability to seamlessly integrate and exchange different cryptographic methods will become not only a technological necessity but also a business imperative. Companies that are already focusing on crypto-agility today are positioning themselves to stay protected against tomorrow’s threats.

Conclusion: 2026 – A year of decisive change

The transition to post-quantum cryptography, new regulatory demands under NIS2, and the need for crypto-agility will define IT security in 2026. Together, these trends make encryption strategy a top priority for every organization.

Now is the time to act: implement PQC, prepare for compliance and build a crypto-agile infrastructure to ensure secure communication in a quantum-driven future.

Adva Network Security supports companies in preparing their infrastructure for the challenges ahead and securing themselves against new threats in the long term. Focus on innovation and security – act now!